Universal Credit

Universal Credit Explained

A simple, jargon-free guide to Universal Credit - what it is, who can claim it, and how it works.

What is Universal Credit?

In simple terms: Universal Credit (UC) is a monthly payment to help with your living costs. It's for people on low incomes or who are out of work.

Universal Credit replaced 6 older benefits and rolled them into one payment:

Income Support
Income-based JSA
Income-related ESA
Housing Benefit
Child Tax Credit
Working Tax Credit

The idea was to make the benefits system simpler. Instead of claiming different benefits from different places, you claim one benefit online.

Who Can Claim Universal Credit?

You may be able to claim UC if you:

Are 18 or over

(16-17 year olds can claim in some circumstances)

Are under State Pension age

(Currently 66 - check your personal State Pension age)

Live in the UK

And have the right to claim benefits here

Have less than £16,000 in savings

(Savings between £6,000 and £16,000 reduce your payment)

Are on a low income or not working

You can claim UC while working if your income is low enough

Important: Couples

If you live with a partner, you must claim UC as a couple. Your partner's income and savings count too. You'll get one combined payment.

How Much Could You Get?

Universal Credit is made up of a standard allowance plus extra amounts depending on your situation. Here are the 2025/2026 rates:

Standard Allowance (Monthly)

Single, under 25£316.98
Single, 25 or over£400.14
Couple, both under 25£497.55
Couple, one or both 25+£628.10

Extra Amounts You Might Get

Child element

For each child you're responsible for

£333.33 - £355.36
Housing costs element

Help with rent (up to local housing allowance rate)

Varies
Limited capability for work

If health condition limits your work ability

£416.19
Carer element

If you care for someone 35+ hours/week

£198.31
Childcare costs

Up to 85% of your childcare costs

Up to £1,014.63
See full breakdown of all UC elements →

How Universal Credit Works

1

You Apply Online

Create an account at gov.uk/universal-credit. You'll need to verify your identity and provide information about your circumstances.

2

5-Week Wait

There's a 5-week wait before your first payment. You can ask for an Advance Payment (a loan) if you need money during this time.

Tip: You can get an advance of up to 100% of your expected first payment. It's repaid from future payments over up to 24 months.

3

Monthly Payments

UC is paid monthly, in arrears, into your bank account. In Scotland, you can choose to be paid twice a month.

4

Your Work Coach

You'll be assigned a work coach at the Jobcentre. You'll agree a "Claimant Commitment" - what you'll do to find work or increase your hours.

5

If You Work

UC adjusts automatically. If you earn more, your UC goes down (by 55p for every £1 earned after your work allowance). If you earn less, your UC goes up.

Working While on Universal Credit

Good news: You can work and claim UC at the same time. The amount you get reduces gradually as you earn more - you're always better off working.

Work Allowance

If you have children or a health condition, you can earn some money before your UC is reduced:

If you get help with housing costs£404/month
If you don't get help with housing£673/month

After your work allowance, UC reduces by 55p for every £1 you earn (called the "taper rate").

Key Things to Know

  • UC is paid monthly into your bank account
  • There's a 5-week wait for your first payment (advances available)
  • You manage your claim online through your UC journal
  • You must report changes in circumstances immediately
  • Your payment adjusts automatically when your earnings change
  • You can be sanctioned (payment reduced) if you don't meet requirements

Related Guides

Calculate Your Universal Credit

Get an instant estimate of how much UC you could receive

Use Calculator